An Extended Review: LLM Prompt Engineering in Cyber Defense

The launch of ChatGPT in November 2022 marked a significant advancement in the field of artificial intelligence, particularly in the realm of generative AI (GAI). ChatGPT is based on the Large Language Model (LLM). Use of AI in Cybersecurity can prove to be beneficial as the security analysts are employing AI models for improved detection of threats and quicker response to incidents. The interaction with LLMs needs to be skillfully and tactfully created to get precise and concise response. This technique of crafting queries to interact with the LLM is called prompt engineering. Prompt engineering in vulnerability detection and management is a new trend in the industry to manage cybersecurity threats and weaknesses proactively and effectively. This paper presents an extensive review of the field of prompt engineering in cybersecurity. It is primarily based on a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, encompassing a wide range of sources to provide a thorough overview of the current state and advancements in AI. The review delves into various aspects of prompt engineering, synthesizing key findings and theories from a multitude of scholarly articles and industry reports. This approach ensures a holistic understanding of the AI models including LLMs and how generative AI, in terms of prompt engineering, can be used for cyber-defense.